Red Seal Heavy Equipment Operator (Excavator) Practice Exam

How does excavation impact local runoff patterns?

1. It has no measurable effect

2. It can cause more consistent water flow

3. It can alter drainage and increase runoff

4. It typically slows down water circulation

The correct answer is: It can alter drainage and increase runoff

Excavation activities can significantly alter the landscape, which directly impacts local runoff patterns. When land is excavated, soil and vegetation are often removed, significantly changing the natural flow of water in the area. This alteration can create different drainage paths, which may lead to increased surface runoff. With the removal of natural barriers like trees, bushes, and other vegetation, water can flow more freely and quickly over the newly disturbed soil surface. The lack of vegetation means there are fewer plants to absorb rainwater, so more water runs off the surface instead of being absorbed into the ground. This can lead to increased erosion and the potential for flooding in certain areas, as water accumulates in unexpected locations due to the modified drainage patterns. The other options inaccurately represent the relationship between excavation and runoff. For instance, suggesting it has no measurable effect overlooks the significant changes that can occur in topography and water management. The idea that it can cause more consistent water flow does not take into account the unpredictable nature of altered surfaces, which can lead to sporadic flooding or drainage issues. Lastly, the notion that it typically slows down water circulation contradicts the reality that excavated areas often promote quick outflow rather than slow circulation.